********INTRODUCTION*******



*****TABLE 2: CONGRUENCE PER COUNTRY*****


 tabstat nn_rr nn_nr nr_rr if wee==1 & nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, statistics( mean sd cv count ) by(country) columns(statistics)
 tabstat nn_rr nn_nr nr_rr if ceec==1 & nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, statistics( mean sd cv count ) by(country) columns(statistics)


*****BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: ENTITIES*****


 tabstat nn_rr nn_nr nr_rr if nn_rr!=. & country_nr==42 & region_nr<42.03, statistics( mean sd cv count ) columns(statistics)

 
*****BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: CANTONS*****
***NN_RR: CONFEDERAL ELECTION AGGREGATED AT THE FEDERACIJA LEVEL COMPARED TO FEDERACIJA ELECTION DISAGGREGATED AT THE CANTONAL LEVEL***
***NN_NR: FEDERACIJE ELECTION AGGREGATED AT THE FEDERACIJA LEVEL COMPARED TO FEDERACIJA ELECTION DISAGGREGATED AT THE CANTONAL LEVEL***


 tabstat nn_rr nn_nr nr_rr if nn_rr!=. & country_nr==42 & region_nr>42.02, statistics( mean sd cv count ) columns(statistics)



*****TABLE 3: TURNOUT IN REGIONAL AND NATIONAL ELECTIONS*****


 tabstat turnout_reg turnout_nat_prev turnout_gap if wee==1 & turnout_reg!=. & election_year_reg>1989, statistics( mean sd cv count ) by(country) columns(statistics)
 tabstat turnout_reg turnout_nat_prev turnout_gap if ceec==1 & turnout_reg!=. & election_year_reg>1989, statistics( mean sd cv count ) by(country) columns(statistics)


*****BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: ENTITIES*****

 tabstat turnout_reg turnout_nat_prev turnout_gap if nn_rr!=. & country_nr==42 & region_nr<42.03, statistics( mean sd cv count ) columns(statistics)


*****BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: CANTONS*****

 tabstat turnout_reg turnout_nat_prev turnout_gap if nn_rr!=. & country_nr==42 & region_nr>42.02, statistics( mean sd cv count ) columns(statistics)




*****TABLE 4: VOTE SHARE CHANGE BETWEEN REGIONAL AND NATIONAL ELECTIONS*****


 tabstat government opposition if wee==1 & nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, statistics( mean sd cv count ) by(country) columns(statistics)
 tabstat government opposition if ceec==1 & nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, statistics( mean sd cv count ) by(country) columns(statistics)


*****BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: CANTONS AND ENTITIES*****


  tabstat government opposition if nn_rr!=. & country_nr==42 & region_nr<42.03, statistics( mean sd cv count ) columns(statistics)
  tabstat government opposition if nn_rr!=. & country_nr==42 & region_nr>42.02, statistics( mean sd cv count ) columns(statistics)




****TABLE 5****


  tabstat reg_rr reg_nr_prev rokkan distance statehood language if wee==1 & nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, statistics( mean ) by(country) columns(variables)
  tabstat reg_rr reg_nr_prev rokkan distance statehood language if ceec==1 & nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, statistics( mean ) by(country) columns(variables)


*****BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: CANTONS AND ENTITIES*****


  tabstat reg_rr reg_nr_prev rokkan distance statehood language if ceec==1 & nn_rr!=. & country_nr==42 & region_nr<42.03, statistics( mean ) by(country) columns(variables)
  tabstat reg_rr reg_nr_prev rokkan distance statehood language if ceec==1 & nn_rr!=. & country_nr==42 & region_nr>42.02, statistics( mean ) by(country) columns(variables)




*****TABLE 6: REGIONAL AUTHORITY AND ELECTORAL INSTITUTIONS*****


  tabstat rai cv sim_local sim_regional sim_national elecsys_rr elecsys_nn if wee==1 & nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, statistics( min max ) by(country) columns(variables)
  tabstat rai cv sim_local sim_regional sim_national elecsys_rr elecsys_nn if ceec==1 & nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, statistics( min max ) by(country) columns(variables)


*****BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: CANTONS AND ENTITIES*****


  tabstat rai cv sim_local sim_regional sim_national elecsys_rr elecsys_nn if ceec==1 & nn_rr!=. & country_nr==42 & region_nr<42.03, statistics( min max ) by(country) columns(variables)
  tabstat rai cv sim_local sim_regional sim_national elecsys_rr elecsys_nn if ceec==1 & nn_rr!=. & country_nr==42 & region_nr>42.02, statistics( min max ) by(country) columns(variables)






********CONCLUSION*******



*****TABLE 1: VARIANCE*****


mixed nn_rr if ceec==1 & nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 || country_nr: || region_nr:
estat icc
mixed nn_nr if ceec==1 & nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 || country_nr: || region_nr:
estat icc
mixed nr_rr if ceec==1 & nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 || country_nr: || region_nr:
estat icc


mixed nn_rr if wee==1 & nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 || country_nr: || region_nr:
estat icc
mixed nn_nr if wee==1 & nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 || country_nr: || region_nr:
estat icc
mixed nr_rr if wee==1 & nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 || country_nr: || region_nr:
estat icc




*****TABLE 2: ANALYSIS OF ELECTION CONGRUENCE*****
  

mixed nn_rr i.ceec##c.turnout_gap c.reg_diff#i.ceec i.rokkan#i.ceec c.rai#i.ceec i.sim_local#i.ceec i.sim_regional#i.ceec i.sim_national#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_pr#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_maj#i.ceec if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))

mixed nn_nr i.ceec##c.turnout_gap c.reg_diff#i.ceec i.rokkan#i.ceec c.rai#i.ceec i.sim_local#i.ceec i.sim_regional#i.ceec i.sim_national#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_pr#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_maj#i.ceec if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))

mixed nr_rr i.ceec##c.turnout_gap c.reg_diff#i.ceec i.rokkan#i.ceec c.rai#i.ceec i.sim_local#i.ceec i.sim_regional#i.ceec i.sim_national#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_pr#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_maj#i.ceec if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))




*****ROBUSTNESS TABLE 2: ANALYSIS OF ELECTION CONGRUENCE*****
  

xtset region_nr nr_elec

xtpcse nn_rr i.ceec##c.turnout_gap c.reg_diff#i.ceec i.rokkan#i.ceec c.rai#i.ceec i.sim_local#i.ceec i.sim_regional#i.ceec i.sim_national#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_pr#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_maj#i.ceec i.country_nr if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, hetonly correlation(ar1)

xtpcse nn_nr i.ceec##c.turnout_gap c.reg_diff#i.ceec i.rokkan#i.ceec c.rai#i.ceec i.sim_local#i.ceec i.sim_regional#i.ceec i.sim_national#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_pr#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_maj#i.ceec i.country_nr if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, hetonly correlation(ar1)

xtpcse nr_rr i.ceec##c.turnout_gap c.reg_diff#i.ceec i.rokkan#i.ceec c.rai#i.ceec i.sim_local#i.ceec i.sim_regional#i.ceec i.sim_national#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_pr#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_maj#i.ceec i.country_nr if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, hetonly correlation(ar1)




*****IN TEXT ANALYSES*****


pwcorr reg_rr reg_nr_prev, sig

ttest reg_diff if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, by(ceec) unequal

ttest reg_rr if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, by(ceec) unequal
ttest reg_nr_prev if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, by(ceec) unequal

tabstat sim_local sim_regional sim_national if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, statistics( mean n) by(ceec)

pwcorr out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, sig

sum out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989




*****TABLE 3: SECOND-ORDER ELECTION EFFECTS WEST VERSUS EAST*****


gen time = election_year_reg - election_year_nat_prev
gen time2 = time * time


mixed turnout_gap i.sim_local##i.ceec i.sim_regional#i.ceec c.time#i.ceec c.time2#i.ceec c.rai#i.ceec i.rokkan#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_pr#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_maj#i.ceec cv if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))

mixed government i.sim_local##i.ceec i.sim_regional#i.ceec c.time#i.ceec c.time2#i.ceec c.rai#i.ceec i.rokkan#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_pr#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_maj#i.ceec cv if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))

mixed opposition i.sim_local##i.ceec i.sim_regional#i.ceec c.time#i.ceec c.time2#i.ceec c.rai#i.ceec i.rokkan#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_pr#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_maj#i.ceec cv if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))




***** ROBUSTNESS TABLE 3: SECOND-ORDER ELECTION EFFECTS WEST VERSUS EAST*****


xtset region_nr nr_elec


xtpcse turnout_gap i.sim_local##i.ceec i.sim_regional#i.ceec c.time#i.ceec c.time2#i.ceec c.rai#i.ceec i.rokkan#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_pr#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_maj#i.ceec cv i.country_nr if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, hetonly correlation(ar1)

xtpcse government i.sim_local##i.ceec i.sim_regional#i.ceec c.time#i.ceec c.time2#i.ceec c.rai#i.ceec i.rokkan#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_pr#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_maj#i.ceec cv i.country_nr if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, hetonly correlation(ar1)

xtpcse opposition i.sim_local##i.ceec i.sim_regional#i.ceec c.time#i.ceec c.time2#i.ceec c.rai#i.ceec i.rokkan#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_pr#i.ceec i.elecsys_rr_maj#i.ceec cv i.country_nr if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989, hetonly correlation(ar1)




*****TABLE 4: SECOND-ORDER ELECTION EFFECTS IN THE EAST*****


mixed gov_main sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))

mixed gov_oth sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))

mixed opp_main sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))

mixed opp_oth sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1|| country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))

mixed new sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))

mixed norep sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))



***excluding zero-cases***


mixed gov_main sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1 & gov_main!=0 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))

mixed gov_oth sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1 & gov_oth!=0 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))

mixed opp_main sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1 & opp_main!=0 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))

mixed opp_oth sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1 & opp_oth!=0|| country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))

mixed new sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1 & new!=0 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))

mixed norep sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1 & norep!=0 || country_nr: || region_nr:, residuals(ar 1, t(nr_elec))




*****ROBUSTNESS TABLE 4: SECOND-ORDER ELECTION EFFECTS IN THE EAST*****


xtset region_nr nr_elec


xtpcse gov_main sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg i.country_nr if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1, hetonly correlation(ar1)

xtpcse gov_oth sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg i.country_nr if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1, hetonly correlation(ar1)

xtpcse opp_main sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg i.country_nr if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1, hetonly correlation(ar1)

xtpcse opp_oth sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg i.country_nr if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1, hetonly correlation(ar1)

xtpcse new sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg i.country_nr if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1, hetonly correlation(ar1)

xtpcse norep sim_local sim_regional time time2 rai rokkan elecsys_rr_pr elecsys_rr_maj out_nat in_nat out_reg in_reg i.country_nr if nn_rr!=. & election_year_reg>1989 & ceec==1, hetonly correlation(ar1)